{"id":5429,"date":"2025-09-16T16:47:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-16T16:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/?page_id=5429"},"modified":"2026-06-09T16:23:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T16:23:55","slug":"baekur-og-greinar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/?page_id=5429","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e6kur og greinar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Talar PISA s\u00ednu m\u00e1li?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00f3hann \u00d6rn Sigurj\u00f3nsson skrifar \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a grein um t\u00falkun og notkun ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0na \u00far PISA k\u00f6nnuninni. Hann dregur fram sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 svi\u00f0i n\u00e1msmats og bendir \u00e1 a\u00f0 PISA-g\u00f6gn s\u00e9u oft mist\u00falku\u00f0, auk \u00feess sem hann fjallar um \u00fe\u00e6r takmarkanir sem felast \u00ed \u00feeim. Greinin b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a umhugsun um hvernig n\u00fdta megi ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur sl\u00edkra kannana \u00e1 uppbyggilegan h\u00e1tt \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 nota \u00fe\u00e6r sem bitbein \u00ed umr\u00e6\u00f0u um menntam\u00e1l.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cd endursko\u00f0a\u00f0ri a\u00f0aln\u00e1mskr\u00e1 grunnsk\u00f3la (2024) eru \u00ed fyrsta skipti sett fram h\u00e6fnivi\u00f0mi\u00f0 \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ihluta n\u00e1mskr\u00e1rinnar sem tengjast reiknihugsun og forritun. \u00cd n\u00fdlegri grein \u00ed Sk\u00f3la\u00fer\u00e1\u00f0um, Reiknirit, reiknihugsun og forritun: N\u00fdjar \u00e1herslur \u00ed n\u00e1mskr\u00e1<\/em><\/a>, \u00fatsk\u00fdra Bjarnhei\u00f0ur Kristinsd\u00f3ttir, Freyja Hreinsd\u00f3ttir, Ing\u00f3lfur G\u00edslason og J\u00f3hann \u00d6rn Sigurj\u00f3nsson hva\u00f0 hugt\u00f6kin fela \u00ed s\u00e9r og gefa d\u00e6mi um verkefni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Stutt umfj\u00f6llun um greinina Skapandi st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/strong> \u00ed b\u00f3kinni Me\u00f0 nesti og n\u00fdja sk\u00f3.<\/em>

N\u00fdlega var haldi\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fuh\u00f3f vegna \u00fatg\u00e1fu b\u00f3kinnar Me\u00f0 nesti og n\u00fdja sk\u00f3<\/em>. Greinar um tengsl leiksk\u00f3la, grunnsk\u00f3la og fr\u00edstundaheimila. <\/em>Ritstj\u00f3rar hennar eru J\u00f3hanna Einarsd\u00f3ttir og Bj\u00f6rn R\u00fanar Egilsson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3kin inniheldur 13 fr\u00e6\u00f0igreinar \u00fear sem sagt er fr\u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um ranns\u00f3kna sem tengjast menntun ungra barna og \u00fe\u00e1ttaskilunum \u00feegar skili\u00f0 er vi\u00f0 leiksk\u00f3la og grunnsk\u00f3lastig hefst og er fjalla\u00f0 um \u00feau m\u00e1l fr\u00e1 \u00fdmsum sj\u00f3narhornum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd b\u00f3kinni er a\u00f0 finna \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a grein eftir \u00d3sk Dagsd\u00f3ttur, lektor \u00e1 Menntav\u00edsindavi\u00f0i H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands sem ber heiti\u00f0 Skapandi st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i. 
Starfs\u00fer\u00f3unarverkefni \u00ed \u00edslenskum grunnsk\u00f3la.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00d3sk st\u00f3\u00f0 fyrir starfendaranns\u00f3kn \u00ed \u00edslenskum grunnsk\u00f3la um skapandi st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1m \u00ed samstarfi vi\u00f0 kennara \u00ed 1.- 4. bekk og list- og verkgreinakennara vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3lann. Markmi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarinnar var a\u00f0 kanna hvernig kennarar upplif\u00f0u \u00e1hrif starfs\u00fer\u00f3unar \u00e1 uppeldisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega s\u00fdn, st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu og st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1m nemenda. Tilgangurinn var a\u00f0 varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 hvernig megi vinna me\u00f0 skapandi st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00e1hrifar\u00edkan h\u00e1tt \u00ed sk\u00f3lastarfi. Gengi\u00f0 var \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00feeirri grunnhugmynd a\u00f0 sk\u00f6pun skipti m\u00e1li fyrir n\u00e1m nemenda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1hugavert er a\u00f0 lesa ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur ranns\u00f3knarinnar sem varpa lj\u00f3si \u00e1 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0a upplifun \u00fe\u00e1tttakenda af starfs\u00fer\u00f3unarverkefni sem mi\u00f0ar a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 efla eigin kennsluh\u00e6tti \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i sem skila\u00f0i s\u00e9r \u00ed auknum t\u00e6kif\u00e6rum nemenda til a\u00f0 d\u00fdpka skilning, \u00feekkingu og leikni \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i. Me\u00f0al \u00feess sem kom fram var a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tttakendur t\u00f6lu\u00f0u um mikilv\u00e6gi samr\u00e6\u00f0na \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu og notkun hlutbundinna gagna. \u00deeir t\u00f6lu\u00f0u um nau\u00f0syn \u00feess a\u00f0 nemendur f\u00e1i r\u00fdmi til a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra og \u00feroskast af mist\u00f6kum og ennfremur t\u00f6ldu \u00feeir a\u00f0 hugtakaskilningur nemenda v\u00e6ri almennt betri ef \u00feeir fengju a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a saman og nota hlutbundin g\u00f6gn \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 reikna a\u00f0eins \u00ed b\u00f3k. Leikur, verkleg vinna og samr\u00e6\u00f0ur v\u00e6ru \u00fev\u00ed lykill a\u00f0 skapandi st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00deessi grein \u00e1 erindi vi\u00f0 alla sem vilja efla sk\u00f6pun \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1mi og stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 sam\u00fe\u00e6ttingu n\u00e1msgreina og samfellu milli sk\u00f3lastiga. Kennarar \u00e1 yngsta stigi grunnsk\u00f3lans og eldri stigum leiksk\u00f3lans eru hvattir til a\u00f0 lesa hana og kynna s\u00e9r hvernig vinna megi me\u00f0 sk\u00f6pun \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1mi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Mikill fengur hefur borist st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennurum me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu Bjarnhei\u00f0ar Kristinsd\u00f3ttur \u00e1 b\u00f3k Peters Liljendahl um hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu. B\u00f3kin kom \u00fat \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed 2025 og er gefin \u00fat af H\u00e1sk\u00f3la\u00fatg\u00e1funni<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peter Liljendahl, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Simon Fraser Universty, Kanada, h\u00e9lt n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 \u00e1 vegum Flatar og Menntav\u00edsindasvi\u00f0s H\u00cd \u00e1ri\u00f0 2019 og var \u00fea\u00f0 vel s\u00f3tt. S\u00ed\u00f0an \u00fe\u00e1 hafa \u00e6 fleiri st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennarar veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna me\u00f0 hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu og \u00fer\u00f3a lei\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 n\u00fdta hugmyndina \u00ed eigin a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um. Nokkrar greinar hafa birst \u00ed Flatarm\u00e1lum um hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu. N\u00fa s\u00ed\u00f0ast grein N\u00f6nnu D\u00f3ru Ragnarsd\u00f3ttur<\/a> sem birtist \u00ed vor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Grunnhugmynd Peters Liljedahl byggir \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hugsun s\u00e9 forsenda n\u00e1ms. Hann hefur rannsaka\u00f0 og  leita\u00f0 lei\u00f0a sem g\u00e6tu \u00fdtt undir hugsun og virkni nemenda \u00ed gl\u00edmu sinni vi\u00f0 ver\u00f0ug st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0iverkefni. Hann setur fram 14 a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir sem stutt geta kennara \u00ed a\u00f0 skapa hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu. \u00cd b\u00f3kinni er fari\u00f0 vel \u00ed hvernig byggja m\u00e1 upp andr\u00famsloft og menningu \u00fear sem nemendur eru sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ir og skapandi og tilb\u00fanir a\u00f0 deila hugmyndum s\u00ednum og leita lausnalei\u00f0a. Einnig eru f\u00e6r\u00f0 r\u00f6k fyrir og gefin d\u00e6mi um hvernig \u00feessar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir styrkja st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1m nemenda. Auk \u00feess eru a\u00f0 finna fj\u00f6lda ver\u00f0ugra verkefna sem n\u00fdta m\u00e1 \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu \u00e1 \u00f6llum sk\u00f3lastigum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peter Liljedahl hefur auk \u00feessarar b\u00f3kar gefi\u00f0 \u00fat b\u00e6kurnar Mathematics Tasks for the Thinking Classroom K-5<\/em> og Modifying Your Thinking Classroom for Different Settings: A Supplement to Building Thinking Classrooms in Mathematics<\/em>. En auk \u00feess m\u00e1 finna \u00e1 vefs\u00ed\u00f0u BTC<\/a> \u00e1hugavert efni, vi\u00f0t\u00f6l, fyrirlestra og alls kyns efni fyrir kennara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3kin kom fyrst \u00fat \u00ed september 2020 \u00e1 ensku og hefur Bjarnhei\u00f0ur unni\u00f0 gott starf vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu og \u00fatg\u00e1fu b\u00f3karinnar. \u00dea\u00f0 eru ekki til margar \u00fe\u00fdddar b\u00e6kur \u00e1 \u00edslensku um st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0imenntun ef nokkur.  B\u00f3kin er g\u00f3\u00f0 aflestrar og vonandi \u00e1 h\u00fan eftir a\u00f0 n\u00fdtast \u00edslenskum st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennurum vel og lengi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jo Boaler er m\u00f6rgum st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennurum \u00e1 \u00cdslandi kunn. H\u00fan var a\u00f0alfyrirlesari \u00e1 n\u00e1mstefnu Flatar \u00e1ri\u00f0 2007 og margir hafa lesi\u00f0 b\u00f3kina hennar Mathematical Mindset \u00ed kennaran\u00e1mi s\u00ednu. N\u00fa er komin n\u00fd og \u00e1hugaver\u00f0 b\u00f3k Math-ish (2024) fr\u00e1 Jo Boaler. Birna Hugr\u00fan Bjarnard\u00f3ttir hefur teki\u00f0 saman greinargott yfirlit yfir efni b\u00f3karinnar, \u00ed Nokkur or\u00f0 um b\u00f3kina Math-ish eftir Jo Boaler<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, og dregur \u00fear fram helstu umfj\u00f6llunarefnin. \u00cd b\u00f3kinni er hugtaki\u00f0 Math-ish kynnt og \u00ed gegnum \u00fea\u00f0 fjalla\u00f0 um st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegan fj\u00f6lbreytileika og nau\u00f0syn \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f6ll kynnumst og n\u00e1lgumst st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ina fr\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum hli\u00f0um. Sj\u00e1 m\u00e1 \u00ed \u00feessari grein a\u00f0 velt er upp m\u00f6rgu sem gaman og gagnlegt er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a saman um og varpar Birna Hugr\u00fan fram hugmynd um a\u00f0 stofna leshring til a\u00f0 skapa til \u00feess umr\u00e6\u00f0uvettvang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cd apr\u00edl 2025 kom \u00fat b\u00f3kin G\u00e6\u00f0i kennslu \u2013 n\u00e1mst\u00e6kif\u00e6ri fyrir alla nemendur<\/em>. Ritstj\u00f3rar hennar eru Anna Krist\u00edn Sigur\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir, Herm\u00edna Gunn\u00fe\u00f3rsd\u00f3ttir og R\u00fanar Sig\u00fe\u00f3rsson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3kin er afrakstur \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00edslenskra rannsakenda \u00ed norr\u00e6nu ranns\u00f3kninni Quint (Quality in Nordic Teaching). \u00cd b\u00f3kinni er a\u00f0 finna 15 \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a kafla um \u00edslenskt sk\u00f3lastarf. R\u00edflega helmingur kaflanna fjallar beint um ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur Quint-ranns\u00f3knarinnar \u00fear sem f\u00f3kus er \u00e1 greiningu \u00e1 g\u00e6\u00f0um kennslu \u00ed \u00edslensku, st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i og samf\u00e9lagsfr\u00e6\u00f0i. \u00dear er byggt \u00e1 g\u00f6gnum \u00far mynduppt\u00f6kum og \u00feau greind me\u00f0 greiningarlyklinum PLATO. \u00c1g\u00e6tlega er ger\u00f0 grein fyrir PLATO sem allir kennarar geta n\u00fdtt s\u00e9r til a\u00f0 greina eigin kennslu og leita lei\u00f0a til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta einstaka \u00fe\u00e6tti kennslu sinnar. Auk \u00feess eru \u00ed b\u00f3kinni kaflar \u00fear sem g\u00e6\u00f0i kennslu eru sko\u00f0u\u00f0 fr\u00e1 fleiri hli\u00f0um.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cd ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0um Quint-ranns\u00f3knarinnar (s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed k\u00f6flum 2-5) er a\u00f0 finna greiningu \u00e1 st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennslu \u00e1 unglingastigi. \u00dear er margt bitast\u00e6tt sem st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennarar geta n\u00fdtt s\u00e9r til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta og \u00fer\u00f3a kennslu s\u00edna. \u00dear m\u00e1 nefna umfj\u00f6llun um endurgj\u00f6f, vitsmunalega \u00e1skorun og samr\u00e6\u00f0ur sem allt eru mikilv\u00e6gir \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00ed samskiptum nemenda og kennara. \u00deetta eru \u00fe\u00e6ttir sem margir telja \u00e1kvar\u00f0andi um g\u00e6\u00f0i kennslu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f3kin er skrifu\u00f0 me\u00f0 starfandi kennara, kennaranema og kennslur\u00e1\u00f0gjafa \u00ed huga og er hugsu\u00f0 sem stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 starfs\u00fer\u00f3un. St\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennarar eru hvattir til a\u00f0 lesa og r\u00e6\u00f0a saman um efni hennar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00c1 Netlu \u2013 veft\u00edmariti um uppeldi og menntun, m\u00e1 finna greinina: Mat \u00e1 g\u00e6\u00f0um kennslu \u00ed hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 framhaldssk\u00f3lastigi: R\u00fdnt \u00ed kennslu framhaldssk\u00f3lakennara.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00f6fundar eru Ey\u00fe\u00f3r Eir\u00edksson og J\u00f3hann \u00d6rn Sigurj\u00f3nsson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofa<\/em> (e. thinking classroom) er kennslun\u00e1lgun sem sn\u00fdst um a\u00f0 skapa r\u00fdmi \u00fear sem nemendur vinna saman a\u00f0 verkefnum sem eru h\u00f6nnu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja nemendur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0last skilning \u00e1 n\u00fdjum hugt\u00f6kum og hugmyndum me\u00f0 samr\u00e6\u00f0um. \u00cd \u00feessari ranns\u00f3kn var fylgst me\u00f0 kennslu eins st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennara \u00ed \u00edslenskum framhaldssk\u00f3la. Markmi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarinnar var a\u00f0 veita kennaranum endurgj\u00f6f \u00e1 g\u00e6\u00f0i eigin kennslu \u00feegar kennt er eftir hugmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i hugsandi sk\u00f3lastofu og veita inns\u00fdn \u00ed sj\u00e1lfsr\u00fdni hans \u00e1 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0unum.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00c1 Netlu \u2013 veft\u00edmariti um uppeldi og menntun, m\u00e1 finna greinina: A\u00f0 m\u00f3ta n\u00e1msumhverfi \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fear sem skapandi hugsun er \u00ed fyrirr\u00fami: Kristjana Sk\u00falad\u00f3ttir st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennari.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00f6fundar eru J\u00f3n\u00edna Vala Kristinsd\u00f3ttir og \u00d3l\u00f6f Bj\u00f6rg Stein\u00fe\u00f3rsd\u00f3ttir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Greinin er hluti af s\u00e9rritinu \u00deau skiptu m\u00e1li: S\u00f6gur grunnsk\u00f3lakennara<\/em><\/a> sem var birt 31. desember 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cd \u00e1gripi greinarinnar segir eftirfarandi:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u00c1hersla \u00e1 hugsun barna um st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i og hvernig \u00feau takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1m sitt hefur fengi\u00f0 auki\u00f0 v\u00e6gi \u00ed kennaramenntun og n\u00e1mskr\u00e1 undanfarna \u00e1ratugi. Tilgangurinn me\u00f0 \u00feessari grein er a\u00f0 gefa inns\u00fdn \u00ed starf<\/em> st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ikennara sem hefur haft \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0i a\u00f0 gefa nemendum s\u00ednum t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 beita skapandi hugsun vi\u00f0 st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in\u00e1mi\u00f0.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kristjana Sk\u00falad\u00f3ttir hefur kennt \u00e1 yngsta stigi og mi\u00f0stigi grunnsk\u00f3la \u00ed r\u00fama \u00ferj\u00e1 \u00e1ratugi og lagt sig eftir a\u00f0 kynna s\u00e9r ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 hugsun barna um st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i og kennsluh\u00e6tti sem sty\u00f0ja \u00feau vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 beita skapandi hugsun. Greint er fr\u00e1 ranns\u00f3knarverkefnum sem h\u00fan hefur kynnt s\u00e9r og l\u00fdst hvernig h\u00fan hefur n\u00fdtt s\u00e9r \u00feekkingu s\u00edna \u00e1 \u00feeim \u00ed kennslu sinni og vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja a\u00f0ra kennara til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a kennsluh\u00e6tti s\u00edna \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knina var beitt fr\u00e1sagnarr\u00fdni og stu\u00f0st vi\u00f0 g\u00f6gn fr\u00e1 ferli hennar sem kennara, vi\u00f0t\u00f6l, vettvangsn\u00f3tur og g\u00f6gn fr\u00e1 nemendum. Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur ranns\u00f3kna \u00e1 kennsluh\u00e1ttum Kristj\u00f6nu lei\u00f0a \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 h\u00fan hefur \u00e1tt \u00ed \u00f6flugu samstarfi vi\u00f0 samkennara s\u00edna um a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a kennsluh\u00e6tti \u00ed st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00fear sem skapandi hugsun, r\u00f6kr\u00e6\u00f0ur og \u00e1hersla \u00e1 hlutdeild nemenda og \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 eigin n\u00e1mi er \u00ed fyrirr\u00fami.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Talar PISA s\u00ednu m\u00e1li? J\u00f3hann \u00d6rn Sigurj\u00f3nsson skrifar \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a grein um t\u00falkun og notkun ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0na \u00far PISA k\u00f6nnuninni. Hann dregur fram sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0 s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 svi\u00f0i n\u00e1msmats og bendir \u00e1 a\u00f0 PISA-g\u00f6gn s\u00e9u oft mist\u00falku\u00f0, auk \u00feess sem hann fjallar um \u00fe\u00e6r takmarkanir sem felast \u00ed \u00feeim. Greinin b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 \u00e1hugaver\u00f0a umhugsun um hvernig n\u00fdta…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5429","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5429","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5429"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5429\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6674,"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5429\/revisions\/6674"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flatarmal.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}